Background: Toluene is one of the most widely abused inhaled drugs due to its acute neurologic effects including euphoria and subsequent depression. Its solubility in water is 535 mg/litre (1). for metabolites been ascertained in the toxicity of toluene. Toluene Toxicity; Toluol Poisoning; What are the Causes of Toluene Poisoning? Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1B. According to OSHA, it’s often used in a mixture with other solvents and chemicals, such as paint pigments, so employees who work with paint, metal cleaners and adhesives may be at risk for exposure. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic abuse of toluene by inhalation causes variable white matter changes and thalamic hypointensity on T2-weighted MR images. Like other aromatic hydrocarbons, they may sensitize the myocardium to the arrythmogenic effects of catecholamines. Mechanism of toxicity. Female reproductive toxicity endpoint removed from listing for toluene effective March 7, 2014. Product form : Substance Substance name : Toluene CAS-No. Toluene is a clear and colorless liquid that turns to vapor when exposed to air at room temperature. Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. MRI is the modality of choice for evaluation of cerebral changes related to toluene toxicity. Pulmonary aspiration may cause a hydrocarbon pneumonitis (See Hydrocarbons). This structural difference has led to various differences in their reactivity and usage. The toxicity of cyanide is due to its ability to stop cellular respiration and ATP (adenosine triphosphate, a source of cel- lular energy) synthesis in cells, causing what is called cytotoxic or metabolic anoxia . Organ system toxicity: Dysfunction of the central nervous system following acute, intermediate or high inhalation exposure to toluene is a critical health concern. Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury. Toluene and xylene poisoning can occur when someone swallows these substances, breathes in their fumes, or when these substances touch the skin. The data to date are inadequate to draw conclusions regarding whether immunosuppression may be a more sensitive endpoint (i.e., an endpoint that would result in a lower point of departure) than kidney toxicity. Toluene toxicity refers to the harmful effects caused by toluene on the body. 108-88-3) In Support of Summary Information on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) September 2005 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington D.C. DISCLAIMER This document has been reviewed in accordance with U. S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Respiratory sensitization - Category 2A-2B. Classic symptoms of arsine gas toxicity include headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, "port wine" hued urine and jaundice. Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) - Category 2. 77, No. Five motile strains of bacteria that use five different pathways to degrade toluene were tested for their ability to detect and swim towards this pollutant. Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 4. Toluene is a hydrophobic solvent found in paint thinners, cleaning agents, adhesives, and gasoline, 11,12,14-16 and is the most commonly abused volatile substance worldwide, owing to its euphoric effects. Cyanide can even be absorbed through the skin, hence people who work with cyanide-related chemicals must wear appropriate garments and protective inhalational devices. It has been suggested that toluene interferes with the normal function of neuronal proteins. Toluene Safety Data Sheet according to Federal Register / Vol. Long-term exposure can result in thickening of the skin, darker skin, abdominal pain, diarrhea, heart disease, numbness, and cancer. Chapter 5.14 Toluene General description Physical and chemical properties Toluene (C 6H 5CH 3) is a noncorrosive, volatile liquid with an aromatic odour. IN cases of suspected arsenic exposure it is imperative to call 911 for immediate transfer to the nearest hospital. Toluene and xylene are strong compounds that are used in many household and industrial products. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values, as amended STEL 150 ppm 560 mg/m3 US. The exposure may also be through direct skin and eye contact, or upon inhaling the vapors; This intake could be accidental, or in some cases intentional, to bring self-harm; Toluene is a poisonous liquid that is highly flammable ; Note: The … If arsenic poisoning occurs over a brief period of time, symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, and watery diarrhea that contains blood. … Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. High-level exposure to methylmercury is known as Minamata disease. This leads to the con- cept of « dispensable tissues, » substance that in straighten out to achieve tumor eradication, it was demanded to keep in view tissue-specific toxicity damaging general tissues [59]. 11,13,15,16 Absorption occurs from inhalation, ingestion, or transdermal exposure, and can be detected in blood within minutes. F igure 3.2. Public Notices Related to this Chemical. White matter T2 hyperintensity (focal and diffuse) is the most common finding, seen in approximately 50% of patients, typically after at least 4 years of abuse. Environmental influences. Low to moderate daily workplace exposure can cause temporary tiredness, confusion, weakness, nausea and memory loss. The Forensic Aspects of Poisons . This article is for information only. The key difference between benzene and toluene is their structure; toluene has a methyl group attached to the benzene ring while benzene has no methyl groups attached.. Benzene and Toluene are two aromatic compounds having a slight difference between them in their structure. CONC 500 ppm US. As a leading supplier of high-purity solvents, we have the right toluene to meet your needs. This can be accomplished by chemotaxis. Health supervision visits forced to be viewed as business of a continuum of circumspection, not as the exploit of isolated tasks. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute … 28. Toluene Poisoning is caused by the ingestion of toluene (liquid). Identification . Toluene-3,4-dithiol | C7H8S2 | CID 10334 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. It has also been suggested that the toxicity of toluene may be due to some of its metabolic intermediates. A volatile petrochemical solvent and paint thinner, toluene is a potent neurotoxicant that acts as an irritant, impairs breathing, and causes nausea. Inhalants cause an initial excitatory response The bioremediation of polluted groundwater and toxic waste sites requires that bacteria come into close physical contact with pollutants. 1.1. Immunotoxicity data are available but the results are conflicting. Healthcare workers that include nurses, pharmacists, and physicians need to educate the public about the dangers of cyanide in the workplace. It deprives cells of the ability to use oxygen. The effects are either from acute intoxication or from organ system dysfunction as a result of chronic and persistent abuse. Toluene: health effects, incident management and toxicology Information on toluene, for use in responding to chemical incidents. Often toluene exposure occurs in conjunction with benzene and since they are to some degree metabolised by the same enzymes, the relative concentrations will determine their rate of elimination. The toxicity assessment in terms of EC 50 value demonstrated that benzene was less toxic compared to the other BTEX compounds. TOLUENE (CAS No. They are mild mucous membrane irritants that affect the eyes and the respiratory and GI tracts. Laboratory testing for acute toluene toxicity is hampered by the fact that blood tests for toluene and urinary tests for hippuric acid are not available in most hospitals. When exposure to toluene occurs there is usually simultaneous exposure to several other chemicals. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. OSHA Table Z-1-A (29 CFR 1910.1000), as amended TWA 100 ppm 375 mg/m3 US. CNS toxicity may be due to the liposolubility of toluene in the neuronal membrane. Four years later, French chemist Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville isolated it from “tolu balsam” (extracted from the Colombian tree Myroxylon balsamum). The key to managing cyanide toxicity is patient education. They may include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, skin rashes, anxiety, memory problems, trouble speaking, trouble hearing, or trouble seeing. 58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations Date of issue: 03/21/2014 Revision date: 02/27/2018 Supersedes: 03/21/2014 Version: 1.1 02/27/2018 EN (English) Page 1 SECTION 1: Identification . Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. It is lethal at low doses, and affected individuals may not notice the toxicity until hours after exposure. The bodies of cult members of the People’s Temple, in. Toluene, or toluol as it was once called, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon except for benzene. Toluene TWA 20 ppm US. Toluene and xylene cause generalized CNS depression. Toluene, the main component of volatile glues, lacquer thinners and aerosol paints is the chemical responsible for most clinical toxicity. It was first isolated in 1837 from pine oil by Polish chemist Filip N. Walter. Acute Toxicity: Dermal: 108-88-3 (Toluene) LD50 Rabbit: 12,124 mg/kg Oral: 108-88-3 (Toluene) LD50 Rat: 5000mg/kg Inhalation: 108-88-3 (Toluene) LC50 Rat: 12,500 - 28,800 mg/m3/4 h Chronic Toxicity: No additional information. The public should also … The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. OSHA Table Z-1-A (29 CFR 1910.1000), as amended MAX. The odour threshold varies considerably; a geometric mean of 11 ppm has been estimated from published data (2). Acute toxicity (Dermal) - Category 4. However, dangerous metabolic abnormalities are associated to acute toluene intoxication. SCCP agrees that important official reports have been issued recently on the toxicity profile and safety of toluene, and has considered the following (summary) documents: 3.1.1. Use restrictions (high), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (high), Ecotoxicology (low), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high), and Contamination concerns (high) antioxidant and solvent. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. Corrosion Irritation: Dermal: 108-88-3 (Toluene) Rabbit: Skin Irritation - 24 h Sensitization: No additional information. Whether you need HPLC toluene, ACS toluene, anhydrous toluene or one of the other grades available, we offer the right product for your application. DO NOT use it to treat or manage an actual poison exposure. Gi tracts this structural difference has led to various differences in their and! 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